Relevant information about MW composition and proper forecasting of MW composition is crucial for relevant technical and economical modelling and business planning in the field of waste management. These include techno-economical models of MW treatment units, e.g. sorting line, transfer station, energy recovery, waste collection and transport or a regional waste collection and treatment system modelling (Kropáč et al. 2018) and complex business models concerning specific investments in waste management. In this context, there is a project under the Ministry of Environment of the Czech Republic.

A study of scientists from the University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB) presents a global material flow analysis of synthetic microfiber release from apparel washing covering the period from 1950 to 2016, i.e. from the beginning of mass production of synthetic fibers to the present.

UN works on global emerging priorities issues identified by governments on the environmentally sound management of hazardous chemicals

This study was conducted to set up a new reference line for municipal solid waste quantification and characterization in the least urbanized cities of a developing nation. A survey was run to collect baseline data from 60 new municipalities of Nepal.

Highlights •Development of the Solid Waste and Wastewater (SWW) management software is presented. •A graphical user interface applicable in the context of developed and developing economies •Tools for technical, economic, policy, and sensitivity analysis are provided. •Tool for optimizing the life-cycle of emissions or costs considering carbon credits •Assist decision makers to allocate expenditures for emissions mitigation measures

As an international network platform, ACR+ is collecting data on the different systems and solutions implemented across Europe to manage municipal waste in the current situation

This paper provides a well-established framework for the technical, environmental and economic life-cycle assessment of WPP projects through the review of relevant reports and studies in the literature.

The anaerobic digestion (AD) has become an alternative source and an attractive treatment method. Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) digester has been designed to treat the Recycled paper mill wastewater (RPMW) in Morocco.

Turkey is a developing country which has high urbanization and population growth which lead to a need for a good MSW management. Dumping has been reducing while sanitary landfilling has been increasing in the share of methods. Recovery has recently been applied and gradually increased in the share of MSW methods.

Future waste streams and corresponding recycling rates are projected by use of a fore-cast model for the context of Germany

The rapid growth of wind and solar power production installations worldwide has not been coupled with similar rates of integration in the electrical grid. This study proposes the conversion of agricultural residues into biocoal by means of frictional pyrolysis, which is a novel power-to-fuel technology that converts directly electricity into mechanical work and uses no additional heat. The excess renewable energy, that otherwise would be lost, will be utilized for converting agricultural residues into biocoal. This novel concept is defined as the concept of the renewable battery. A case study is presented for the State of California and three characteristic biomass types have been analyzed and converted into biocoal. The analysis showed that, between the years 2007–2016, the wind power installations have increased by 242.37% and the majority of solar PV were installed which account for 17,238 GWh. From the initial energy input of the biomass, the energy that was converted and stored in the form of biocoal ranged from 78.6% to 86.8%. The concept of renewable battery promotes carbon sequestration in agricultural practices and serves as a cleaner and renewable fuel that can be co-combusted with coal.

Managing the municipal solid waste (MSW) is a task that requires the combination of multiple strategies in order to follow the concept of circular economy. Waste-to-Energy (WtE) plants are producing electricity and heat but also have other byproducts that need to be disposed or can be reused. The standard method for assessing the WtE plants is the utilization of the R1 formula. The R1 formula has several limitations and is not able to integrate more parameters like the recovery of metals. The integration of the climate correction factor can improve the R1 up to 1.25 times but this factor is related to the Heating Degree Days, which is a rapidly declining value due to climate change. Contrary to the R1 Formula, the 3T Method is a novel method that can take into consideration all the range of products like syngas and biooil in a thermodynamically consistent way. These two methods were used to analyze three characteristic incineration plants and two gasification plants and this is the first time that this comparison is being presented. The results showed that the two methods have different ranges of returned values, with the R1 returning values (usually) between 0.5 and 1.1 and the 3T method returning values between 0.2 and 0.3. The 3T method on the one hand promotes high electrical efficiencies, i.e. 3T values approach the 0.3 mark for 30% electrical efficiency, and on the other hand promotes polygeneration where the recovery of char and metals can elevate the 3T value well above the 0.3 level for only 15% electrical efficiency and 70% metal recovery.

The purpose of this report is to provide a strong and comprehensive knowledge base on waste management in Kosovo, with focus on municipal waste. The key data provided per municipality and region, provide a clear understanding of the current situation, the trends and their implications, and future plans.

This paper is an updated inventory of all U.S. dioxin emissions to the atmosphere in the year 2012.