Five Questions on Soil Protection

Early stabilization of landfilled waste requires the finish of reaction in landfill layer. The main internal reaction, i.e. mineralization of organic matter and washing out of soluble matter might be accelerated by improvement of mobility of water and gas in landfill layer.

The paper presents the scope and the progress of the LIFE environment demonstration project “The Sustainable Rehabilitation of Landfill Site” (LIFE 03 ENV/SL/000557- LIMNOTOP) which is taking place at the municipal solid waste landfill site Ormoz, Slovenia. 

About 20 million tons [Mg] of different types of industrial wastes are accumulated annually in Bulgaria (fly ash and residue gypsum from flue gas desulfurisation units of thermal power plants (TPPs), phosphogypsum from chemical industry, lime ash and slag from metallurgy, etc.).

For industrial applications in wastewater treatment facilities, a stable ceramic material was produced. The proposed process is based on the generation of a volcanic soil-polyurethane foam made with recycled PET-polyols.

PE pipes have been in use, producing extremely good results, for practically fifty years now. Polyethylene is now a well established material for gas and water supply systems, and also in the fields of waste-water disposal, drains and sewers, and a large range of other industrial applications.

Both continuous infiltration experiments over a period of 2 years, run-off experiments in summer 2000 were carried out in order to investigate the behaviour of EDCs in agricultural soils after sewage sludge application.

There was a need for a simple, fast and cheep method in compost quality asurance system, to follow the composting process and measuring the quality of compost. Hot water percolation (HWP) method was used first in soil analysis (Füleky – Czinkota, 1993).

For systematic studies of large-scale composting, reactors are needed in which gradients of temperature and moisture develop in the same manner as in the full-scale process.

This paper addresses litter decomposition in the terrestrial catchment of a wetland, and the consequent release of phosphorus (P).

Two cropping systems (tomato – durum wheat and sugar beet – durum wheat) were carried out in South Italy conditions to study the agronomic values of MSW – compost application. Three N treatments with the control in tomato, sugar beet and in following durum wheat crops were compared. Moreover, two soil tillage depths were compared (40-45 cm and 10-15 cm deep).

In France, the most important sources of organic amendment are manure and compost. Compost is, however, poorly developed in France, and to ensure its development it is important to determine when organic matter really has a positive effect on French soils. For loamy soils, a decrease in organic matter below a threshold of 2 – 3 % is one of the main controlling factors in soil physical degradation like crusting and erosion.

One of the largest emerging market opportunities for recycled organics is using specialised blends to purify stormwater.

This paper describes batch tests with two pollutants: phenol and 2-nitrophenol and two soils: silt and silty clay loam. Batch tests were performed at different pH values: 4, 7 and 10 to evaluate the retention phenomena varying thedegree of pollutant dissociation.

Agricultural co-fermentation plants are a reasonable option for farmers to produce organic fertilizer and renewable energy (biogas) from substances like liquid manure, bio waste or agricultural waste.